A new single-center retrospective study has identified key factors associated with central nervous system (CNS) involvement in patients with primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL). The research analyzed three groups: patients diagnosed with PVRL, those with vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) following a CNS lymphoma diagnosis, and those diagnosed with both simultaneously.

The findings revealed that patients with concurrent diagnoses had significantly shorter overall survival compared to the other 2 groups. Five-year survival rates were 56.5% for those with PVRL, 44% for those with VRL after CNS involvement, and just 25% for patients with simultaneous diagnoses. Recurrence of VRL in PVRL patients was closely linked to CNS involvement, along with elevated interleukin-10 levels and sub–retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) infiltration.

These results, published in the August issue of Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology, underscore the need for careful monitoring of VRL recurrence and CNS involvement in patients with PVRL to improve outcomes and survival rates.